Example of Hypothesis Testing

Scientific hypotheses are constructed with a set of functional rules:

They must be testable in a way which provides facts which prove or disprove the hypothesis.
A hypothesis should be 'falsifiable', meaning it must show a capability to be proven wrong. This is a conceptual standard which means you can't have a hypothesis and simply produce facts which match the hypothesis and avoid those that disprove it.

Examples of Hypothesis Testing:

In this test, if the flower turns red, the soil is acid.
The flower will either turn red or blue, depending on whether the soil is acid or alkaline.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_hypothesis_testing
https://www.math.uah.edu/stat/hypothesis/index.xhtml
https://www.psychstat.missouristate.edu/introbook/sbk18m.htm