Junk science refers claims supposedly made based on science but not based on proper scientific practices, such as peer verification and observance of scientific methodologies. This is an alternative expression for 'pseudoscience', and is purely derogatory in all contexts. The expression also suggests personal interest in the 'science', and manipulation of data and information. Junk science is generally loathed in scientific circles. Although some people consider junk science delusive, most consider it deceptive and self serving.