Long division is the basic arithmetical form of dividing numbers. These are very simple forms of mathematical process, but fundamental to higher maths. In their higher algebraic forms they're primary functions in equations. Long division is the process of dividing a number by another number to give a numeric result. It is applied to positive and negative numbers according to the same rules as multiplication. Long division was one of the first principles of currency and trade valuations, used to create the hierarchies of currency values. Principles of long division are also the basis of decimal systems.