This term refers to a method of referencing sources for students,professional, technical and research writers invented by Kate L. Turabian and adapted from the Chicago Manual of Style. This is a systematic approach similar to a bibliography compilation methodology.

This method includes:

• Note - Reference on text, leading to
• Bibliographic entry - Full citation, leading to
• List of references- A comprehensive list of all sources related to text materials.

It should be noted that this is a strictly formal style of referencing, and is best professional practice at academic standards.